2 The Elements of Formative Arts

1 Materials and tools
1 Materials for two-dimensional compositions
2 Tools for two-dimensional compositions

2 Elements of two-dimensional compositions
1 Points
(1) Negative points / (2) Creating lines using points / (3) Creating planes using points
(4) Moiré / (5) Points of light

2 Lines
(1) Relation between points, lines, and planes
(2) Lines and tools / (3) Kinds of lines
(4) Functions of lines / (5) Passive lines
(6) Conversion of a line to points, and points to a line / (7) Making planes using lines

3 Planes
(1) Filled plane shapes and volume
(2) Unfilled plane shapes using closed lines / (3) Plane shapes using open lines
(4) Expressions of planes and others

4 Solids and spaces
(1) Expressions of solid shapes in two-dimensional space
(2) Open forms / (3) Cubic effect

5 Relief